Ancestry and Family Tree of President Ronald Reagan

A well-loved Hollywood actor, Ronald Reagan appeared in over 50 feature films. In 1966, he was elected governor of California and, in 1980, elected as the 40th president of the U.S. He served in this role from 1981 to 1989. Ronald Wilson Reagan was the second son of Jack Reagan and Nelle Wilson. He was the great-grandson, on his fathers side, of Irish immigrants who came to America through Canada in the 1940s. His mother was of Scottish and English descent. His other family members are presented by generation in this family tree. First Generation 1. Ronald Wilson REAGAN was born on Feb. 6, 1911 in Tampico, Illinois, and died on June 5, 2004. He is buried on the grounds of the Ronald W. Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley, California. In 1940, Ronald Reagan married actress Sarah Jane Mayfield (stage name Jane Wyman). They had two girls: Maureen Elizabeth, born in 1941, and Christine, who died at birth in 1947. In 1945 they adopted a baby boy named Michael. Wyman and Reagan divorced in 1948 and, on March 4, 1952, he married another actress, Nancy Davis (born July 6, 1921). Named Anne Frances Robbins at birth, she took the surname Davis when her stepfather, Dr. Loyal Davis, adopted her in 1935. Nancy and Ronald had two children: Patricia Ann (Patti) in 1952, and Ronald Prescott in 1958. Second Generation (Parents) 2. John Edward (Jack) REAGAN was born on July 13, 1883 in Fulton, Illinois. He died on May 18, 1941 in Santa Monica, California. 3. Nelle Clyde WILSON was born on July 24 1883 in Fulton, Illinois. She died on July 25, 1962 in Santa Monica, California. Reagan and Wilson married on Nov. 8, 1904 in Fulton, and had two children: John Neil Reagan, born Sep. 16, 1909 in Tampico.Ronald Wilson Reagan Third Generation (Grandparents) 4. John Michael REAGAN was born on May 29 1854 in Peckham, Kent, England. He died of tuberculosis on March 10, 1889 in Fulton. 5. Jennie CUSICK was born about 1854 in Dixon, Illinois. She died of tuberculosis on Nov. 19, 1886 in Whiteside County, Illinois. Regana and Cusick married on Feb. 27 1878 in Fulton, and had four children: Catherine (Katy) Reagan, born in July 1879 in Fulton.William Reagan, born Jan. 10, 1881 in Fulton. He died on Sep 19, 1925 in Dixon, Illinois.John Edward ReaganAnna Reagan, born May 14, 1885 in Fulton. 6. Thomas WILSON was born on April 28, 1844 in Clyde, Illinois. He died on Dec. 12, 1909 in Whiteside County, Illinois. 7. Mary Ann ELSEY was born on Dec. 28, 1843 in Epson, Surrey, England. She died on Oct. 6, 1900 in Fulton. Wilson and Elsey married on Jan. 25 1866 in Morrison, Illinois, and had seven children: Emily Wilson, born Nov. 12, 1867 in Clyde, Illinois.John Wilson, born Oct. 9, 1869 in Clyde. He died on June 21, 1942 in Clinton, Iowa.Jennie Wilson, born June 16, 1872 in Illinois. She died on March 8, 1920.Alexander Thomas Wilson, born March 30, 1874 in Illinois. He died on April 26, 1962.George O. Wilson, born March 2, 1876 in Illinois. He died on April 3, 1951 in Clinton, Iowa.Mary Lavinia Wilson, born April 6, 1879 in Illinois. She died on Sep. 6, 1951 in Fulton.Nelle Clyde Wilson

The Definitions Of Biological Motion - 1829 Words

Definitions of Biological Motion (BM) mostly center around work by Johansson (1973) on visual motion perception through his application of point-light display. Within this context BM refers to the patterns of movement characteristic to living organisms, thereby encompassing both human and animal locomotion, insofar as it is distinct from random patterns of movement, characterized in vertebrates by non-rigid patterns constrained by skeletal structures. Studies suggesting that human sensitivity to BM is indeed not limited to human locomotion as studies have found people capable of identifying the locomotion of a variety of animals including quadrupeds such as dogs (Pavlova, Krà ¤geloh-Mann, Sokolov, Birbaumer. 2001). BM contains significant†¦show more content†¦elbows, knees, wrists, etc.). These points are then assembled to form patterns resembling the movement of human or non-human animals, often in loopable movements, The points are thereby capable of presenting global i nformation, through the combined movement of the points, or local information, focus on a single joint. Indeed motion is a fundamental component in the processing of PLD as Pavlova et al. (2001) found that accuracy of recognition of static PLD failed to reach above chance. Multiple methods are available to produce PLD ranging from Johannson (1973) use of light bulbs attached to the bodies of assistants and then filmed in a dark room, which created more naturalistic portrayals of BM, to more recent methods, employing motion capture software in animation (Vanrie Verfaille, 2004). Advantages to the use of motion capture and three-dimensional animation software include the ability to show the same PLD from multiple viewpoints changing the orientation. Whether or not BM appears to be intrinsic has provided a variety of conclusions, mainly due to difficulty replicating results. In Johansson (1973) original study it was suggested that BM was an intrinsic or automatic response over a learned one. The majority of studies attempting to determine whether the perception of BM was intrinsic, made use developmental studies that either made use of preferential or discriminating forced choice tasks orShow MoreRelatedThe Five Ways By St. Thomas Aquinas996 Words   |  4 Pagessecond, third, and fifth arguments from St. Thomas Aquinas’s Five Ways, but rather it suggests substantial evidential credibility, in regards to his theories on God’s existence.Concepts, theories, and laws drawn from the chemical, physical, and biological sciences are to be compared to both St. Thomas Aquinas’s arguments, as well as biblical quotations. 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Agricultural Land Conservation Free Essays

Agricultural Land Conservation The issues of land distribution and land conservation in agriculture attract more and more attention, especially when the expansion of cropland is hitting a limit since much more land is conserved for environmental purposes. Soil erosion is devastating the topsoil of land as chemical fertilizers are used to increase output within a limited amount of land. At the same time, livestock production expands at an ever-growing speed, worsening the land use situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Agricultural Land Conservation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Livestock production, nowadays, consumes a large portion of crop that could be distributed to serve for poor population. A taxation system in favor of production capacity and against environmental damages will encourage farmers to improve their production techniques. Proper regulations could not be emphasized more to make sure that a genuinely sustainable agriculture system will be built with animals to cycle nutrients. Cropland is the land that is suited to or used for crop production. Grazing land refers to a field covered with grass or herbage, and suitable for grazing by livestock. FAO is the abbreviation for The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, a specialized organization that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. NCGA is the abbreviation for National Corn Growers Association, which represents America’s corn growers. The expansion of cropland has limited potential due to environmental conservation. At present, more than one point five billion hectares is used for crop production, accounting for twelve percent of the globe’s land surface. According to FAO, there is little scope for further expansion of cropland. Despite the presence of considerable amounts of land potentially suitable for agriculture, much of it is covered by forests, protected for environmental reasons, or employed for unban settlements. Compared with livestock production, crop production requires soil that contains more fertile materials, which makes it harder to find suitable cropland. Livestock production is expected to slow down the rate of soil erosion and improve the quality of soil in the long term. In â€Å"Eroding Future,† published July-August 2011 in the Futurist, author Lester R. Brown reviews that people are liquidating the Earth’s natural assets to fuel their consumption and states that, â€Å"soil erosion exceeds soil formation on one-third of the world’s cropland, draining the land of its fertility† (24). With the presence of animals, the situation could be changed. Soil absorbs nutrients from animal manure, allowing grass and other crops to grow without the addition of synthetic fertilizer, which is the primary cause of soil erosion. Animals play a crucial role in keeping balance of the ecosystem. Livestock production expands at a super speed and occupies more land, leading to deforestation. The livestock sector is by far the single largest anthropogenic user of land. According to Julia Whitty, author of â€Å"Livestock Revolution Examined,† published March 16, 2010 in the Mother Jones, more than one point seven billion animals are used in livestock production worldwide, and they, â€Å"occupy more than one-fourth of the Earth’s land† (http://www. motherjones. com/blue-marble/2010/03/livestock-revolution-examined). Expansion of grazing land for livestock production is a key factor in deforestation. About seventy percent of grazing land in dry areas is considered degraded due to overgrazing. The presence of animals in a sustainable agriculture system results in further land use in order to feed them. Most livestock that are employed to enrich land with nutrients are fed with imported crops. If a farmer is not growing his own feed, the nutrients going into the soil are generated by eroding other cropland, thereby undermining the benefits of livestock production. James E. McWilliams, the author of â€Å"The Myth of Sustainable Meat,† published April 13, 2012 in the New York Times, argues that, â€Å"This kind of rotational grazing works better in theory than in practice† (A31). According to NCGA’s figures from 2010, more than forty percent of crops go into the mouths of animals that people then consume, in the process squandering huge amounts of resources. The limited increase in cropland and deforestation due to rapid expansion of livestock production require more efficient production plans, one of which is an agriculture income taxation system based on unit output of land. Instead of relying on income sources, such as livestock, grains, or other products, farmers’ income tax should be placed on production capacity of per unit of land. This not only encourages crop producers to increase their unit output of land against the declining potential of expanding cropland, but also discourages unorganized blindly exploitation of forested land. This system levies high tax rates on production income generated on new land. To protect cropland from eroding, proper policies should be enacted to regulate animals feed to prevent further damages on land resources. Instead of feeding animals on farms with imported crops, they should be fed with crops grown on the same farms. Farmers who employ this practice should receive subsidies so that they will not be put into a dilemma where they have to choose between economic benefits and environmental benefits. Environment protection puts a halt on expanding cropland. To increase gross output of food, fertile lands are overused and losing their general production capacity. Nowadays, livestock production is to blame being the largest land user and land destroyer since it accelerates the process of deforestation. Lots of crops that are supposed to feed people are used to feed livestock, which is a huge waste of land resources. Hence, some tax regulations are proposed to help distribute the world’s usable lands to enhance unit production and avoid blind exploitation. Crop-livestock production is favorable as long as policy makers devote to regulating the process. Works Cited Brown, Lester R. â€Å"Eroding Futures. † Futurist. July-August, 2011: 23-30. McWilliams, James E. â€Å"The Myth of Sustainable Meat. † New York Times. 13 April, 2012: 31. Whitty, Julia. â€Å"Livestock Revolution Examined. † Mother Jones. 16 March, 2010: http://www. motherjones. com/blue-marble/2010/03/livestock-revolution-examined. How to cite Agricultural Land Conservation, Essay examples

E Gorvernment a Veritable Tool for the Stepping Down Corruption in Nigeria free essay sample

An average Nigerian citizen is scarcely aware of the activities of the government he is part of. The main focus of this paper is on the application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in public administration businesses of Nigerian government. This paper aims at bridging the information gap that exists between the government and the public, which is capable of reducing corruption. In the course of this study, causes of corruption were identified as well as the benefits and challenges of E-government application. Key words: E-government, Information and Communication Technologies, Corruption, Internet. A few years ago, the popular slogan within the ICT society has been â€Å"the world is becoming a global village†. Going by the remarkable landmark recorded in the ICT world today, one can rightly say that the world is already a global village. Most nations of the world today use the internet as their major source of information generation, collation, and dissemination. The benefits accruing from the application of this technology is enormous and Nigeria cannot afford to be an exception. ICT has continued to make waves since the advent of computers in the 1950s. The increasing application of computers and other information technology (IT) related products in almost all facets of human life, has also contributed to the high growth of the ICT sector. ICTs involve the capture, processing of data and the dissemination of the resultant information using computers and its allied equipment and accessories to the masses. It is worthy to note that despite this rapid growth in the ICT industry, some developing countries including Nigeria are yet to achieve an appreciable level of computerization in their dealings. Opara (2007) stated â€Å"Nigeria has started but is still groping for the formula that will enable her achieve the optimum in IT†. The information society we live in, relies so much on computers and indeed the internet to enable us gather and disseminate information more quickly and easily too. The knowledge and ideas embedded in information Technology environment are the engines that drive the economy (Enyi, 2007). UNDP (2004) defined corruption as the misuse of public power, office or authority for private benefit through bribery, extortion, influence, peddling, nepotism, fraud, speed money or embezzlement. There is no gainsaying the effects of corruption on Nigeria and Nigerians. E-government on its part refers to â€Å"government’s use of ICT to work more effectively, share information and deliver better services to the public (Sub- hash and Christine, 2003). This mode of governance is highly beneficial as it makes administration easier and restores public confidence on the government. Various regimes of Nigerian government have identified corruption as the bane of Nigeria’s economic growth and development, and have initiated policies and programs to curb it (Okeke, 1996). These efforts have usually failed because information and communication technologies have not been given their proper place in the fight against corruption. That makes this paper imperative as it highlights the linkage between ICT and Governance. Causes of Corruption in Nigeria There are many factors that have been identified as the major causes of corruption in Nigeria. For the purpose of this paper, however, emphasis would be laid on those factors that can be linked to poor attitude towards ICT application. In this context, the causes of corruption in Nigeria include; Poor Electronic Accounting System This is the poor use of computer to perform accounting tasks. Most government agencies do not adopt this technology in their accounting processes. Where this is done, it is not linked to the internet (global network of computer networks). This almost makes it impossible for the public to hold the government officials accountable, which in turn encourages corruption. Poor Electoral System Election is the process by which leaders emerge. In the political history of Nigeria, many elections have been conducted and each of them heralded by so many complaints of irregularities. According to Agena (2007), Nigeria’s electoral process over the years has never had the people’s confidence, little wonder there have been numerous complaints by politicians at each election. Osaghea (1994) posited that â€Å"for there to be sustainability in the democratic process, the state and its operators should be credible in the eyes of the people†. Inefficient and corrupt electoral process breeds corrupt leaders. Oath of Secrecy Information experts has identified oath of secrecy as a major setback in the fight against corruption in Nigeria. This works by restricting the public from accessing certain information tagged â€Å"classified†. Subhash and Christine (2003) have it that â€Å"Until a few years ago, most countries still had strict national secrecy laws. These have been repealed in favor of the freedom of information laws in U. S and much of Europe†¦secrecy laws are still in effect in many of the developing countries†. Most of the corrupt practices witnessed in Nigeria were perpetrated under the cover of oath of secrecy. Slow Dispensation of Justice The Nigerian legal system is characterized by very sluggish and corrupt legal processes. Both citizens and non citizens most times prefer suffering injustice to seeking redress in the courts. A situation where litigation lingers for years does not favor the anti-corruption crusade. Lack of National Database Lack of functional national database that could contain information about the government, its departments, agencies and businesses has been identified as a factor that encourages corruption in Nigeria. It is in Nigeria that a person will commit a crime and get ousted in government services, only for that person to go to another level or agency of the same government and get recognition, appointment or business. Such encourages corruption. Inadequate ICT Training for Citizens Most citizens of Nigeria do not have sound IT knowledge. For such people, if they come in contact with fraud on the internet they may not be able to recognize it or may not know what next to do. Effects of Corruption in Nigeria The following are some of the effects of corruption in Nigeria. * Liquidation of state owned enterprises * Discouragement of foreign investors * High level of poverty * Lack of confidence in government by the people * Creation of bad image for Nigeria which the citizens suffer abroad. High cases of brain drain Benefits of E-government * E-government could enhance quick and accurate dispensation of government operations. * The nature of E-government makes it important that there is strong leadership and political commitment among different government ministries and agencies * It can lead to transparency provided the legal framework supports free access to information * E-government can be used as an entry point to ensure interaction among government departments. Implementation of e-government We will highlight the process of implementing e-government vis-a-viz the identified causes of corruption in Nigeria as stated above. In order to make government officials accountable, the federal government of Nigeria has prepared the platform with the establishment of Independent Corrupt Practices and other related offences Commission (ICPC), the Economic and Financial Crime Commission(EFCC), the Code of Conduct Bureau, and the recent Fiscal Responsibilities Commission(FRC). These commissions were created to supervise and control government spending. Creating the commissions alone is not enough to stop the corrupt practices perpetrated by officials of government in Nigeria; rather functional websites for these commissions should be developed and hosted. On these websites, all government transactions should be posted for public consumption, with little or no restrictions. This will enable any person anywhere in the world to have access to information about the execution of budget, public contracts, payment orders, financial and employment data of all staff and retirees of government. Also to be posted to the website are the regulations and guidelines that govern the provision of services, inventory of government assets, and liabilities and all information necessary for the control of socio-economic expenditures. For valid elections to take place in Nigeria, electronic voting system becomes imperative. Electronic voting system according to Iwu (2005) â€Å"is one of the general forms of automated methods, which employs computer technology devices to improve several aspects of the electoral process†. The electoral process includes registration of voters through announcement of results. Nigeria would have had near perfect election in 2007 if Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) had allowed results to be returned electronically through the commission’s website which ought to have been made available and accessible to the public before the election. The automation of the legal process in Nigeria will help in no small measures to remove the obstacles that impede the legal process. Real-time report systems, where a stenograph machine is coupled to a computer system and the reports of Court proceedings generated with aid of a software (CASE CATAYST), could be a great asset to the judicial arm of the government. The beauty of this automated system is that it saves Court’s time where Judges write volumes. The software has the capacity of recording voices, such that it becomes impossible for one to deny facts during a trial in Courts. Since the reports can be relayed to any connected computer and to the internet, it will reduce corruption among the judicial officers. Designing a database for the government which can be viewed through the internet, will be of help. Database is a large amount of information held in a structured way so that it is easy to find what one wants as quickly as possible (Hall and Smith, 1991). This database can hold information about government officials, contractors, and business partners and linked to the internet so that at any point in time, information about any of these people can be accessed. Provision can be made for the update of information in the database. Whenever an official commits a crime, it will be recorded against him in the database table, likewise, when he makes a remarkable achievement in office. This will make the government officials to sit up and shun corruption. E-government cannot function properly without the citizens being e-compliant. Introducing ICT skills at all levels of education and organizing ICT training for all workers in Nigeria, can go a long way in making the citizens have sound knowledge of ICT which is the backbone of e-government. Challenges of e-government The application of e-government in the anti-corruption crusade does not go without challenges. Under listed are the possible challenges; * The cost of acquiring ICT and training of officials by government establishment is enormous. Overlapping functions and lack of cooperation among government departments in the area of exchanging information, use of common data, hardware or software. Selection of appropriate software and hardware can also pose a problem due to emergence of new technologies. * Due to large audience to the website, security of information may be at risk. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been used as a strategic tool for modernizing structures, processes and the overall functions of public administration. Many governments all over the world are posting crucial information on the internet thereby interacting electronically with their citizens. Nigeria government and people cannot afford to be left out in this electronic boom. Based on the findings and discussions, the following recommendations are made; * The federal government of Nigeria must be prepared to take the bull by the horn. She should show total commitment to the e-government project by providing adequate financial, human and legal support for the success of the project. * The federal government should embrace e-government without reservation and also direct her ministries, parastatals, and agencies to develop and maintain functional websites which should be made accessible through the internet. The oath of secrecy law should be abrogated and replaced by the freedom of information law.

Globalization in Australia

Globalization involves an increased unanimity of the global economic activities through eradication of the common barriers such as tariffs, and import duties. Globalization may also involve an improved way of sharing ideas, languages or culture among nations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Globalization in Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Any aspect or attribute that has managed to move and be shared among nations leads to globalization. The aspect of globalization has both negative and positive impacts to the nation. Globalization has changed various ways of doing things in Australia. For instance, through globalization most of people in Australia have improved their ways of travelling, their eating habits, and generally their living standards. The major part that has been affected by globalization in Australia is the economic sector. Australia has been able to enjoy a free and open markets, whereby t he importers and the exporters are subjected to a less tax. Through globalization, Australia has realized a rapid growth of industrial competition hence increasing both the quality and the quantity of production, and the consumers are left to enjoy the lower prices for the goods they are consuming. Globalization has come with many changes in Australia and the whole world, changes such as even the impacts of terrorism. The Australia was found through the globalization of the 19th century. The focus of this globalization was moving from Europe to other corners of the world as people used to describe it. The globalization of that period was very slow as things used to happen through the longest route, as there were no otherwise. In terms of communication, there were very slow means of conveying the intended messages. It was an era whereby the letters were used in various places to pass the messages. There were no quick means and hence a delayed response. In terms of transport, the mean s were also ineffective and people could take ages to reach their destinations. Economically, Australia suffered a great deal due to the presence of many barriers of trade. For them to import some commodities, this would cost the country much money due to the import duties imposed on the cash transactions. When the country would be preparing to export some of their commodities to other countries as a way of boosting their economy, these barriers prohibited. When exporting, the commodities would sell at a very lower price due to the export duties hence realizing a very little profit and sometimes even a loss due to several expenses incurred.Advertising Looking for essay on economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As far as globalization is concerned, Australia has also developed greatly in terms of culture. In the past, the country survived mostly on the cultural practices and beliefs. People could not interact freely as they are doing these days. People relied on some specialists for important information, unlike these days when globalization is advancing day-by-day. In the past, people from a certain community would just live together without interacting with others. This was because of minimal migration of people from rural areas to urban areas. There were specific places for particular group of people. Through this separation of various communities, there were no chances of people to learn from each other especially exchanging ideas of different cultural groups. The fear between different communities existed and that is why people could not interact with one another well. The political aspect of Australia in the past was also of low quality before the globalization. There were traditional ways of campaigning that most politicians used to apply. The citizens could not have a good chance of choosing the right leader as people relied on the cultural ways of doing politics. The citizens were not enlight ened as they are these days of a globalized society. Australian citizens believed on leadership of some specific individuals due to lack of enough information that would aid in their processes of decision-making. In the past days, limitation of information sources made people to make uninformed decisions and hence there were some limitations for the development of the country as a whole. For the country to develop in all sectors especially economically there is need for the citizens to have access to various sources of information to enlighten them. In terms of business, Australia was ranging behind due to lack of business knowledge and many limitations as one is conducting his or her businesses. Several doors to business were locked waiting for globalization. For instance, people could not have access to raw materials outside the country as the international businesses were not available, and even citizens were not aware of how to conduct international businesses.Advertising W e will write a custom essay sample on Globalization in Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The few people who were conducting domestic businesses in Australia could not prosper very well as they were contained within the country hence minimal business knowledge. The business sector whether a private or public is relied much to earn some profits for the government through taxation, but in those days the government could not earn much from these investments due to the limitations that existed. Among all the histories of globalization in Australia, technology was the worst hit. The things that people are doing and accomplishing within a blink of a second took people hours or days to accomplish. Almost in every sector of the country, there is need of applying some technology to make the work easier for the people who were involved For instance, several industries like transport and communication, health industries, education indust ries, and many more all work effectively and deliver their services to the public by technology. In the past days in Australia, such industries could use more resources both financially and human labor to accomplish their missions as the technological knowhow of the nation was low and needed some advancement. The citizens of Australia suffered a great deal in the processes of getting some problems solved especially in the education and health industries. For instance, a major change of technology in Australia came in 1975 through the emergence of Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering. This Australian academy majorly focused on the policies of technology. Through this academy, the famous engineers and technologists were recognized due to their efforts.. Through welcoming globalization, Australia is now in a position to live in a borderless world. The main activators of globalization are the sharing of goods and services among nations, interaction and sharing of ideas and cultures among people from different nations. Recently the level of globalization has developed to the point advancing the technological levels, and removing the trade barriers. Through these latest improvements of globalization citizens of Australia can now trade internationally faster than before. Although globalization comes with both advantages and disadvantages, the benefits are more as its effects are reflected in the economic development of Australia. Globalization in Australia has resulted to bigger markets, hence increased profits, which improves the wealth status of a nation. Through this Australia has been able to invest in several development projects that would make it to reduce the level of poverty among its citizens. For Australia to benefit fully from the advantage of globalization especially the opening of international markets, the country has put some extra efforts to ensure it gets full benefits.Advertising Looking for essay on economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, Australia has come up with strong domestic policies, reliable institutions and infrastructure to be able to take full advantages of the globalization changes. Australia has so far managed to come up with suitable policies and informed decisions to maximize the benefits of globalization and to minimize fully the challenges. Since the time when Australia opened itself to globalization, several benefits have been realized in the country (ABS, 2005). Through engaging with the international economies, the economy of Australia has grown faster compared with some countries that remain closed to the forces of globalization. According to some researches done, the economy of Australia has proved to grow with 2.5 % more than the closed economies to the effects of globalization. Through the advantage of faster economic growth, Australia has been able to improve the living standards of its citizens as well as reducing the poverty rate. For instance, Australia has managed to cut its poverty rate in almost a half for the last two decades. Through the availability of cheaper imports, the citizens of Australia are in a position to have access to various types of products and hence they can compete effectively with other traders and increase their productivity. The economic gains through the forces of globalization have also resulted to the availability of improved health services and availability of clean water in Australia. Citizens have a right to a good health services, as it is in the United Nations declaration of human rights. By reliable health services the life expectancy in Australia has also improved, which is a good ground for the future developments of the nation. Even in the whole world the increased life expectancy has resulted to 85% of the population in the world to have an increased probability of attaining approximately sixty five years, which is regarded to be double compared to how life expectancy was a hundred years ago (Gough, 2003). Through the increased global income because of removing, the investment barriers have some benefits like Australia having increased foreign direct investments, which has accelerated much growth in Australia. Globally the total of foreign direct investment was us$23 billion which shoot up to US$575 billion in 2003 which was a dynamic positive change realized due to globalization. Globalization in Australia has also come with environmental changes whereby, there is improved environmental awareness that is encouraging the use of more reliable and less polluting materials. Australia is also in a position to import renewable matters to be used in place of the locally available natural resources, as they are still scarce. Pollution is one cause of the air borne diseases that should be avoided. The United Nations declaration of human rights requires the nation to put measures on such sensitive issues to ensure citizens are living in safe environments. The availability of good materials that can be reused is advantageous to the nation as less pollution is realized and the citizens would be able to live in a conducive environment. Through the increased interaction of Australia with global institutions like WTO and World Bank has benefited this nation a great deal especially in cases of solving the government-to-government conflicts. In cases where the nation has some conflicts with another, the disputes are solved depending on the rules of the global institutions, rather than the traditional ways of favoring the more powerful among the victims. Through this, most of the countries have managed to maintain peace within and among other nations. In the past, the trading partners were encountering some challenges that were hard for them to solve, and this led to the most powerful nation among the two winning the case. Nowadays the global institutions have the rules regarding every type of trade conflict to guide the member nations (AEPAC, 2003). Through this provision, members solv e their conflicts well hence reducing their poverty level, which is believed to be the breeding area for terrorism. The international interactions between Australia and other nations, has led to increased recognition of diversity respect for different cultural practices. Through this type of respect among various cultures, the level of democracy of the nation is improved and the application of human rights to the citizens is made possible. The global companies have some working standards to be followed in production of commodities for international trade. This has the countries to adhere to the labor standards especially the countries that tend to ignore the rules of labor. There are set levels of wages that the workers are supposed to receive, which an advantage to the citizens as it protects them from any form of discrimination from the employer, as it is required by the United Nations declaration of human rights. Australia serves as a good example of the countries that have deriv ed much benefit from globalization. Australia has benefited in both exports and imports. It is well known in production of wool, wheat and minerals. Its level of living standards has gone high due to its ability of taking the advantage of open economy a status that made it more competitive in both domestic and international trade. Australia is in a region whereby the neighboring nations are the developing ones, and most of its exports are destined to these developing nations or must pass through them. The country is famous because of its aid program whereby it offers technical support, reliable building initiatives, and various ways of passing the information globally to ensure there is active participation for all in global developments. Australia is in the front line to offer technical advice to its neighboring developing nations to take part in trade movements that would open their trading standards through provision of more and advanced trade regulations. Australia is assuring t hese developing nations of the availability of ports that are efficient for their commodities, customs and quarantine schemes. This country is also assisting the developing nations economically, on the best tactics to apply for them to acquire full benefits of free trade opportunities for instance by revising their domestic policies regarding the trade. As long as these developing nations have a right to work, as it is required by the United Nations declaration of human rights, Australia does not understand why these nations would prefer to be left behind. References Australia. Economic planning Advisory Commission (AEPAC). (2003). Globalisation:  Issues for Australia: papers and proceedings from an economic planning  Advisory commission seminar held in Canberra. Canberra: Australia Govt.Pub.Service. Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). (2005). Year book, Australia. Michigan: Cengage Learning. Bessant, J. (2002). Sociology Australia. London: Allen Unwin. Boer, H. (2005). Mana ging innovative manufacturing. New York: Emerald Group Publishing. Fairbrother, P. (2002). Privatisation, globalisation, and labour: studies from Australia.  New York: Federation Press. Galligan, B., Trifiletti, G. (2001). Australians and globalisation: the experience of two  centuries. New York: Cambridge University Press. Gough, J. (2003). Australia and globalisation: CEDAs Australia Today Address.  Minnesota: CEDA. Hudson, W. (2004). Restructing Australia: regionalism, republicanism and reform of the  nation state. New York: Federation Press. Kartik, R. (2006). Institutions, globalisation and empowerment. New York: Edward Elgar Publishing. Lofgren, H. (2009). The politics and culture of globalisation: India and Australia.  Minnesota: Berghahn. Meredith, D. (2004). Australia in the global economy: continuity and change. New York: Cambridge University Press. Poultney, T. (2004). Globalise me: A students guide to globalisation. Michigan: Curriculum Press. Shanahan, M., T reuren, G. (2003). Globalisation: Australian regional perspectives.  Michigan: Wakefield. Srikanta, C. (2006). Growth, development and poverty alleviation in the Asia-Pacific.  New York: Nova Publishers. Wiseman, R. (2006). Global nation?: Australia and the politics of globalisation. New York: Cambridge University Press. This essay on Globalization in Australia was written and submitted by user Al1a to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Evaluate the effectiveness of the responsive regulation model with reference to the regulatory powers and responses available under the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008. The WritePass Journal

Evaluate the effectiveness of the responsive regulation model with reference to the regulatory powers and responses available under the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008. Introduction Evaluate the effectiveness of the responsive regulation model with reference to the regulatory powers and responses available under the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008. ), 41 Common Law World Review 1. Case Law Esso Petroleum Co Ltd v Harper’s Garage (Stourport) Ltd [1968] AC 269 Lloyd Shuhfabrik Meyer Co GmbH v Klijsen Handel BV [1999] ETMR 690 Lloyds Bank v Bundy [1974] 3 WLR 501 Macaulay v Scroeder Publishing Co Ltd   [1974] 1 WLR 1308 (HL) Office of Fair Trading v Purely Creative Ltd and Others [2011] EWHC 106 (Ch) Tiscali UK Ltd v British Telecommunications Plc [2008] EWHC 3129 (QB) [1] F Sudweeks and C T Romm., Doing Business on the Internet Opportunities and Pitfalls with 39 Figures (United States: Springer, Business Economics) 9. [2] [1999] ETMR 690 [3] P Stokes., ‘New OFT Powers in the Credit Clamp-Down’ (2005) 155 New Law Journal 236, Issue 7164. [4] [1974] 1 WLR 1308 (HL) [5] [1968] AC 269 [6] [1974] 3 WLR 501 [7] M J Trebilcock., ‘The Doctrine of Inequality of Bargaining Power: Post-Benthamite Economics in the House of Lords’ (1976) 26 University of Toronto Law Journal 4, 359. [8] S Brown., Protection of the Small Business as Credit Consumer: Paying Lip Service to Protection of the Vulnerable or Providing a Real Service to the Struggling Entrepreneur?’ (2012), 41 Common Law World Review 1, 59. [9] Office of Fair Trading., ‘Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008’ (2008) Information for Businesses on the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations, oft.gov.uk/business-advice/treating-customers-fairly/protection [Accessed 13 April, 2014].

Discussion 10- economics-pricing techniques Assignment

Discussion 10- economics-pricing techniques - Assignment Example The iPhone is one of Apple’s products that have value-added features such as smart iPhone, wireless internet communication devices, IPod, PDA, Computer and Camera. The success of Apple products is because the company focuses on adding value to the lives of its customers. The company ensures that it develops valuable commodities for its customers. Apple also creates the perception of scarcity of its products among consumers. Perception of scarcity attaches a value to these products hence making many people want to own Apple products. Apple products also target a particular market segment. This creates a perception of value and quality on every product Apple releases. People want to associate themselves with Apple products because they believe these Products will add value to their lives. Value addition is part of Apple’s business strategy. The best pricing techniques for Apple products is to use decoy prices and high reference prices for its new products. Decoys will ensure that the company wins stocking demands for its products and sells all its decoy commodities at higher prices. High reference prices for new products can ensure success in meeting the sales targets for that particular product. When introducing a new product into the market, Apple should set high references prices for that particular product. However, as the products remain in the market, their prices may gradually reduce. Apple uses pricing techniques such as references prices, branding, obscurity and bundling to remain top of the market (McGuigan, Moyer, & Harris,

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The Ethical View of Utilitarianism - Essay Example Utilitarianism is the ethical view that every action is either right/wrong on the basis of the impact that it will create, more specifically if it will produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people.   Deontology, on the other hand, is the ethical view that at least some actions will be right/wrong regardless of the consequences that they produce. Both theories follow different directs and have their own constraints and thresholds. The constraint of deontologists follows from their view that there may be circumstances in which one would be prohibited from taking an action even though it might trigger greatest amount of human happiness. In Engineer Bill’s case, from deontologist’s point of view, Sarah should be saved even though saving Sarah might mean killing a hundred other people in the train. However a utilitarian would opt for saving the train. (Rainbow) In Janitor Joe’s case unless Joe himself volunteers to give his body parts, it will be ethically wrong to forcefully kill him just to save others. In Engineer Bill’s case both Sarah and train were unexpectedly put under circumstances where Bill is left no other option but to choose. Here in Janitor Joe’s case other options can also be looked into and it makes no sense to impose death on someone even if it is at the cost of so many others. In the case of evil Hobo, Bill must save Sara. This is because Sarah has been deliberately framed into such a situation where she is being catapulted towards death. In this case, while utilitarianism may save the life of many but morally and ethically deontologists perspective holds more weight. The threshold for the deontologist is a limit over the amount of harm that the moral allows him to make while threshold for the utilitarian limits him on the amount of harm he can cause. Every situation is different and sometimes the mo ral action needs to be carefully weighed. In each of the aforementioned situation the context in which a particular ethical action followed was very important.

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Issues in financial management - Essay Example So firms make effort to keep their share price high, otherwise some other firm might be able to acquire a huge number of their shares and be successful in a hostile takeover (Metafilter) . A hostile takeover will result in the current management being dissolved by the company taking over. Progressive companies are always looking for new projects and opportunities, and to pursue them capital is an essential ingredient. Companies want to raise the price of their stock for future issues of stock (Investopedia). So in future when companies raise capital through stocks, they receive large amounts of premium; moreover even when it borrows, firms charge less interest on credible debtors, so it also helps in raising funds cheaply. Companies are concerned about their market capitalization; it refers to the size or worth of a business enterprise and can be calculated by multiplying the current market price with the number of shares outstanding. If the worth of the company falls, investors will be less interested in it and the company will lose its status (Henneman). Employee stock option/ownership is again a strong motivation for raising share price value for management. Employee stock options are a form of non-cash benefit that gives an employee the right to buy the company’s share at a particular price at a future date (Balsam, Chen and Sankaraguruswamy). So management puts an effort to raise the share value above that value to take benefit of this option. Moreover the management raises the stock price to please their stockholders and to maximize their value. The reason is that the shareholders elect the board of directors which elects the CEO. So the CEO has to please the board which then wants to please shareholders to get re-elected. Share price represents a number of aspects of a company. These aspects include company management, business’s current and future earnings and net assets, goodwill in the market, future outlook, credibility etc. The present

Evaluation For Operations Management Of Hard Rock Cafe Marketing Essay

Evaluation For Operations Management Of Hard Rock Cafe Marketing Essay Hard Rock is one of the most globally trademarks in the world with 40 years history . At the beginning, it was a small cafà © located in London. What have made Hard Rock to be success, and their business cover all the world consisting of 169 venues in more than 50 countries.Hard Rock has become a truly phenomenon. We could evaluate how Hard Rock Cafe achieved that phenomenon in many points of view .One of these is operation management strategy of Hard Rock .Now we study and analyse the strategy to manage its operation.   Ã‚  1. Location selection With the first place in London, Hard Rock expands its cafes to major big destination cities on the world where there are huge population and tourist. Mr Oliver Munday, Hard Rocks vice president is heavily looking into global expansion in Europe, Latin American and Asia He said that Weve got to look at political risk, currency, and social norm-how does our brand fit into the country   [i]  . Therefore, the new choice for Hard Rock Cafe is to locate in other cities, they focus on the tremendous resurgence of the central of the city where nightlife is concentrated like Bang Coc, Ho Chi Minhà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. which are not rush tourist cities in order to less depend on such a fragile business. For the good position to be chose, markets research is deeply surveyed and analyzed base on Hard Rocks Standard market report. The analysis is based on these following fundamental elements including demographics, visitor market trend, transportations, restaurants and nightclubs, risk of politics, real estate market and comparable market, t. This serious quantitative market research supports Hard Rock Cafe to make right decisions for its business. Moreover, the success of every cafe in each location is also contributing the useful information for Hard Rock cafà © to expand these other one and also to improve their efficiency of the whole chains success. Hard Rock now aims to the area of Europe, Latin America and Asia. Not all cities selected Hard Rock cafà © operated by itself but choose to franchise because of risks, economic challenges such as culture, inflation, exchange rate, may affect its operating. Hard Rock chose to expand its chain to 2 big and busy cities (Bogota and Moscow) in nightlife , but they had both franchise to local partners there. Other Hard Rock Cafes in other place like Honolulu, Dubai .. will be opening soon. 2. Goods and service design: With the name of Hard Rock Cafà © we can image the a typical their service with an electronic guitar and a simple logo, Hard Rock Cafe impress all people entering its places the environment full of rock music which We cant see in any other kind of Cafà © or pubs and bars. Hard Rock Cafe not only serves its clients food, rock enthusiasm but also the special type of enjoying .. Environment is also very typical way of Hard Rock Cafà ©. It is easy to recognize from its outside or inside even other advertising that make its client remember Hard rock cafà ©. Food and drinking do not mean that they are not taken into consideration, courses in Hard Rocks menu are modified, upgraded and concentrated to fit client where it located For example, Thai Snack Combo is added into Hard Rock Cafe Bangkok. Regardless of age, class or gender, Hard Rock Cafe slogan Love all Serve all has been going together with its development throughout the years. All people putting their steps into Hard Rocks door feel that they are always welcome by an enthusiastic attitude, good quality of service.       3. Quality As other business, Hard Rock cafà ©s quality is one of the most important factor during their operating. Keeping food, drinking and service quality ( employees behavior à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) as well as music, environment à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦is carried out regularly and it is required to get the highest assessment from customers. Improving quality at the cafe is always ensured and achieved their quality in the highest scale basing on the customer evaluation. Besides that, Hard Rock Cafe always update by time the music as well as change menus, environment, layouts, memorabilia, services and strategy to improve quality and adapt with the demand as its clients responses.    4. Process and capacity design. Hard Rock is a very big chain of cafes which provides 100,000 meals per day only referring within the U.S. (3,500 at Orlandos Universal Studios), therefore it has to consider very carefully and carry out effectively. Non-current asset is always well managed and renewed. Labor, materials, inventory, other current asset, scheduling are all elements related, which are described with more details in the following decisions. It depends on the location and culture where Hard Rock cafà © is located, but the design of capacity and its process must follow standards of Hard Rock cafà ©. 5. Layout design Layout is the most key factor to make decisions in the long-term operation of Hard Rock cafà ©. It depends on the scales which follow the market demand or the social norms in different areas. Cafà © module is differently designed in each city, such as Hard Rock Cafe in Las Vegas is decorated by a huge, outstanding guitar in front of the building and most of the seats are organized in a large space for outside view while the cafe in Ho Chi Minh is designed according to a little eastern style with ceiling lights and chairs. Hard Rock cafà © design is considered whether they must lease in a long term, the structure of construction should be set up or remodeled for its operation smoothly and efficiently. Its places do not show the same module design of Hard Rock Cafà ©s chain.    6. Human resources and job design Good human resource strategies are expensive, difficult to achieve, and hard to sustain, like other many organizations, Hard Rock cafà © concentrate to build the human resource strategy. The purpose of human resource is that how employees contribute to firm and set up a reasonable quality of work life. Service industry is a industry employing around 75% of the people in the U.S, and Hard Rock have had huge network which creates a lot of jobs for people in the area it stands. All staff of Hard Rock Cafe must be required to have not only job skills, job description but also passion of rock music as well as to engage their personalities. Before working for Hard Rock Cafe, they are trained by Hard Rock cafà © and received a Hard Rock value card. Hard Rock employees will be proud to joint in a unique working environment and culture which appreciates the substantial diversity and individuality, personal and professional manner. Hard Rock has their promotion policies as well to encourage their employees loyalty, 60% managers of Hard Rock Cafe are promoted from their worker. Managers performance is evaluated by a target, and they will receive bonus when exceeding the target. It encourages all managers of Hard Rock Cafe to become better not only depend on the available data, but also they have to forecast other impacts and effects on sales then set up these countermeasure to improve or prevent for their operating . All of above human resource policy always helps Hard Rock take a competitive advantage, increase more revenues and saving costs for their success.    7. Supply-chain management Outsourcing is a creative management strategy that is popular method that a big-scale company, like Hard Rock, using for its supply-chain management to improve efficiency working such as capital, inventory management and operating margins. Qualified suppliers or vendors are chosen and controlled to ensure enough, fresh and quality meals. Risk of outsourcing is considered carefully for Hard Rock cafà © operation Hard Rock cafà © also manage the supply-chain risk by Hard Rock cafà © is reducing environment ( political) risk by franchising and licensing, rather than owning, when the political barriers seem significant  [ii]  Hard Rock cafà © in 2003 had the successful engagement of Avicon architects of the new supply chain and provided expertise in logistics for Hard Rock.    8. Inventory All company must establish system for managing inventory. Costs and expenditure can be substantial to store and move inventory. The way to manage inventory by ABC analysis, record accuracyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ make Just-in-Time inventory control, can save costs and let products and services to customers more quickly. The best management of supply-chain support Hard Rock to keep a safe and effective inventory. Foods and drinking need to be fresh and provided on time. Also Hard Rock cafà © manage inventory base on the market demand to avoid long-term stock. A huge valued memorabilia are controlled by locations and catalogues and are renewed every few years.    9. Scheduling Types of scheduling decisions depend on type of company and its operating. Hard Rock Cafe applies shot-term forecasting scheduling to their services. It can be based on the real daily activities and data from whole restaurants in right Hard Rock chain. Every manager of each cafe set up its database to prepare the daily forecast which is recorded daily working. Next other factors, like upcoming events, major conventions, concerts, etc. are referred to. And then hourly sales are examined and Hard Rock is possible to calculate the time for rush or low hours in order to allocate suitable jobs for all employees.. This way of above managing schedule support Hard Rock Cafe managers Who can predict the volume of people, theirs feeling may get in and enjoy in its restaurants and prepare a right human, foods and services to serve Hard Rocks people with the way, Just-In-Time to save the costs.   10. Maintenance Maintenance is the way to keep quality that is the key to success in all industry sectors. Hard Rock Cafà © use preventive maintenance for inspection and serving to keep their facilities in good condition. They also adjusted its menus and music time by time, it depend on locations, basing on the survey done. All kitchens, bar, restaurants or other equipments are maintained regularly under supervising. In order to strengthen the brand name, Hard Rock Cafe creates its own website: www.hardrock.com and maintain a cable television program weekly on VH-1. Task 2: In the light of the above, discuss the operations management challenges and opportunities for Hard Rock when considering an expansion of its business into Hanoi. Hard Rock Cafe just established in Ho Chi Minh city. When expanding business into Hanoi, Hard Rock needs to survey the Hanoi market.Hard Rocks Standard market report following conditions: A- Demographics As Hard Rocks focus, Hanoi is the city center and have the nightlife with many small satellite cities to be built around like Ha Dong, Trung hoa Nhan chinh, Bac Thang long. Total is over 6,000,000 people (See table 2 below) with rapid urbanization , so tendency of population will surely increase in near future. Hard Rock may have is more and more people (Foreigner and Vietnamese) in Hanoi love Rock Roll music in Hanoi. And Hanoi is a choosier market for all cultural activities than Ho Chi Minh, it has quite loyal audiences if Hard Rock cafà © can convince them by the unique culture, interesting activities. Moreover, the cheap labor is an important advantage that affects to its cost and particular the companys human resources strategy (See table1 below). Beside that the economic indicator of Hanoi and Hanoi area is attractive for all business sector(See table 1 below) Table 1 (Economic index of Hanoi) Content 2009 2010 2011 ( forecast) GDP per capita (UD$) 1710 1900 2120 GDP growth rate (%) 6.70% 11% 11.50% CPI 8.22% 9.56% 10% Exchange rate (VND/US$) 17500 19500 21000 Source: VnEconomic-December 2010  [iii]   B-Visitor market and market trend Hanoi have Tourists and business visitor growth rate increasing with 20,5% for foreigner ( 1.227 million people) and 10% for Vietnamese(7.392 million people) in the year 2010. Total revenue in tourist industry increased 26.9% in Hanoi -Report of Hanoi general statistic offices data December 2010(See table 2 below) Table 2 (Population and tourist of Hanoi Content 2009 2010 2011 ( forecast) Population (1000) 6480 6617 6750 Population growth rate (%) 2% 2.10% 2% Tourist Foreigner (1000) 1080 1227 1472 Foreigner growth rate(%) 11% 20.50% 20% Local tourist (1000) 6720 7392 8130 Local tourist growth rate (%) 5% 10% 10% Source: Report of Hanoi general statistic offices data December 2010.  [iv]   As above data, Hanoi market of population and visitors is potential market for all kind of business, especially for service industry C-Transportation Because Both population and tourist/ visitor have been increasing, so the trend of infrastructure suck as Hotel, Convention center, Entertainment service place .. to be increased . Transportation is concentrated priority, Phase two of Noibai airport is going to start within 2011 with ODA fund from Japan. Four lines subway are studying to build soon and some bridges have been built crossing Red river. Also Hanoi have expanded the wide of many road and built the new road with high standard from Northern part to southern part, from eastern part to western part, they try to connecting center Hanoi to the rest of Hanoi by road, subway, railà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ D-Restaurants and nightclubs Right location is a very important element for Hard Rock cafe to be successful in Hanoi, where is the most tourist to stay and also there are many restaurants and nightclubs located, that is HoanKiem district in the center Hanoi which is called tourist town. But the lease cost for a centre position is too high and most of them are dominated by both foreign and local cafe brands, consist of Highland, Trung Nguyen with trademark G7à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. There are also many potential competitors such as Coffee Bean and other foreign brands who really want to enter Hanoi markets as well like Gloria Jeans Coffee, etc. E-Political risk Besides, Vietnam is evaluated one of the most stably politic regimes. This situation allows Hard Rock cafà © to feel safe to invest the business in Hanoi. Vietnam government established a system of open policies, encouraging foreign investors to invest by foreign country investment law, develop Vietnam country and create jobs for local people. However, many environment challenges that Hard Rock Cafe has to consider before entering in Hanoi. Hanoian has the way to drink coffee and enjoy it in differently way. Almost them like to sit in a street-cafe with a cheap cup of coffee, making cafe by the traditional and simple method, talk each other, read newspapers and look people passing by. There are not many people to spend high price ( around VND 80,000,000 )on drinking a cup of coffee that Hard Rock may serve that average price for its items. One thing, the local peoples taste of coffee and foods in is different. They are drinking stronger taste than the other countries. Robusta coffee in Viet Nam is more popular than Arabica. The type of cafe with live-music is more and more popular in Hanoi and its price is various from low-end to high-end level. With Hard Rocks price set (Hard Rock Ho Chi Minh), it can not only aim to rich people but also change clients mind or their consumption behavior. Local labor will be a issue that Hard Rock need to care about . The labor cost is cheap, but the tendency of labor cost is increasing year by year and local people are not familiar with the high international working intensiveness, style of unique business of Hard Rock cafe and they may not satisfy with standard required. Hard Rock cafà © must train them and change their thinking, all labor need to be trained regularly and intensively. Furthermore, the Vietnamese is too modest, so they may not feel confident to show their thinking, personality as expected by Hard Rock Cafà ©. F-Real estate market The real estate market is rapidly increasing in recent years in whole country , particularly in Hanoi and Hochiminh City, the tendency of market is also increasing of capital investment, sector investment , source investment as well as management investment. The real estate price is too high where is good location (See table 3 below) Table 3 (Rental fee of office and shopping mall of Hanoi) Content 2009 2010 2011 ( forecast) Rental fee ( $/m2/month) Office ($/m2/month) 35.7 34 35 Office growth rate (%) -6% -5% 3% Shopping mall ($/m2/month) 40.1 42.2 45 Shopping mall growth rate(%) -13% 5% 7% Source : CB Richarsd Ellis Viet Nam -December -2010  [v]   These information of the market brings information to Hard Rock if managers want to study and set up its business in Hanoi. They must have a comparable market analysis carefully then making their decision whether Hard Rock cafà © expand its business in Hanoi or not. Vietnam has not developed the information system and its information is some time not unclear, so it is difficult for researchers to collect exactly data for studying all business. In summary, all above information which mention in this topic is only for us to have a look of Hanoi market, that is surely a potential market for doing business, but it is not sure for Hard Rock cafà © or other business to be successful when they set up business in Hanoi. So Hard rock need to analyse many factors and index such as breakeven point, IRR,RCE,ROCEà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦inflation, exchange rate, GDP, GDP growth rate.. before they make final decision for expand their business in Hanoi In this topic we only concentrate to analyse the breakeven point and we assume that all data collect from all sources to be accepted Assumption that We will set up Har rock cafà © in Hanoi with capacity as follow: -Area : 400 m2, Labor : 16 persons ( 2 shift/day),Facility investment : 200,000 USD, design and reconstruction:100,000USD, training cost : 30,000USD and other: 16,500 USD, other figure refer Table 1,2,3 above. Option 1 Option 2 Definition Description   Explanation Change rental fee Change cost/unit 50 42.2 35 1.5 1.25 1 Area (400 m2) 400 Labor ( 2 shift)/day total 16 persons, 8persons/shift Non-current asset Design and construction ( 400m2) 250$/m2 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 Total Facility (USD) Full set 200,000 200,000 200,000 200,000 200,000 200,000 Training (USD) Full course 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 Other ( 5%)(USD) Allowance 16,500 16,500 16,500 16,500 16,500 16,500 Total(USD) 346,500 346,500 346,500 346,500 346,500 346,500 Depreciation ( 10 years) Depreciation/month(USD) Straight-line 2,888 2,888 2,888 2,888 2,888 2,888 Fixed cost Rental fee ( 500m2)(USD) Option 1 20,000 16,880 14,000 16,880 16,880 16,880 Labor cost for 16 employees 200$/p/month 3,200 3,200 3,200 3,200 3,200 3,200 power consumption ( lighting.. per /month 500 500 500 500 500 500 Depreciation(USD) per /month 2,888 2,888 2,888 2,888 2,888 2,888 Total fixed cost / month(USD) 26,588 23,468 20,588 23,468 23,468 23,468 Variable cost Raw material ( coffee, ice, sugarà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦)(USD) cost /unit 1 1 1 1 0.75 0.75 Material consumption ( Gas ,tissue (USD) cost /unit 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.25 Total cost /unit(USD) Option 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.25 1.00 Sale price Sale price/unit(USD) 4 4 4 4 4 4 Breakeven point Breakeven point Total fixed cost + total variable cost= total revenue; X : breakeven point How many units will be sold/month 10,635 9,387 8,235 9,387 8,534 7,823 How many units will be / day 355 313 275 313 284 261 Above analysis just give Hard Rock a data about the breakeven point which depend on the difference level of rental fee and unit cost, they must analysis more other variable. So Hard Rock cafà © should compare with its data of Hard Rock Cafà ©s chain. Hard Rock decision maker will make decision whether they are going to expand their business in Hanoi or not.

Singapore by author Mary Oliver :: essays research papers

Singapore by author Mary Oliver Let me begin this paper by introducing you to two people who live among many others in this world. One is an Electrical Engineer and the other is a labourer . According to the world , there is alot of difference in these both . A lot of things vary among them. One is highly educated and the other is not. One works in an Air conditioned office where as the other works in burning sun. The engineer earns in hundreds of thousands where as the labourer earns in hundreds. But there is one thing in common in both of them.There is one thing that is smiliar . Both are earning thir living. Both are working to live their life . No matter how much they earn, but they are doing it to go thorugh this world. Human Beings have been divided into different categories .There are certain kind of jobs to do in this world. Whatever the job we do, we have to do it sincerely and it is our responsbility to fulfill all the requirements our job requires from us.Once committed to our job, we have to be sincere, honest, devoted and responsible. This paper focuses mainly on the sincereity as well as the passion with which we do our job. Human body is a very sophisticated machine created by God himself. It can do all sorts of things but there are a few things at which the human body gets very perfect.And that perfectness comes from practice, devotion,love,sincerity and responsibility towards that particular thing. Let me associate the word "thing" in the previous sentence as working. Working for living. Reason I chose to write on this topic was that the Poem " Singapore" written by author Mary Oliver that I read in the book by John Schilb and John Clifford influenced me alot. The Poem narrates the life of a woman which works on an aeroplane and is cleaning teh restrooms which are very dirty. She visually and physically finds the job dirty. But while cleaning that restrooms she sees it in her own world.She finds her hands working in pleasure as she is wondering the scenes of rivers. She realises the truth o f life that she has to work to earn her living. I really admire the phrases author used to describe the feelings , emotions , visions and thoughts of that woman .

Arrogance or Persistance?

Sparks was In the same commercial space for over 75 years. One day in February 2006, a man entered Sparks and started measuring the doors and windows. I asked him why he was measuring my bar's door and windows. He stated, â€Å"l am planning to redecorate my new bar. † He introduced himself as Eric Hamburger, stepson of my late landlord. A couple of days later, I received an eviction letter that demanded that I remove the bar equipment and furnishings from the space in 60 days. I immediately started the process of buying a commercial building o move my bar in to.I bought a commercial building in the city of Lemon Grove. I had managed to save about $50,000. 00 while I owned Sparks. This money was earmarked for funding the Small Business Administration loan and to cover the application fees for all of the required permits and licenses. I completed all of the appropriate applications, forms, and paid the fees. I was confident that I would be in business within the 60 days that I had to move. I could not have been more wrong In my inure life. The city of Lemon Grove's Mayor, Ms. Mary awesome and the LemonGrove city council had a plan for the property that I had Just purchased. They had an agreement with Tipping Point Partners, a developer in La Jolly, to develop the property Into a mixed use mega project. I did not know that 6 months prior to my attempt to buy the property at 3496 Main Street, the Supreme Court had upheld Keel vs†¦ New London. This law allows a city to use eminent domain to redistribute personally owned real estate to develop additional tax revenue. The city of Lemon Grove intentionally denied me any permit to operate a business in Lemon Grove.The repose behind their decision was to force default on the commercial property that I had purchased. I had no legal recourse. I had to suck it up and take it. $60,000. 00 was gone before it was over. Losing the bar cost 200 points on my credit score. My liquor license and business equipment have yearly and storage fees. Devastating! Attraction's hired me and my life stabilized. My thoughts were about the way that I was treated by some selfish connected people. This made me really mad. The callous way that I was treated made me want to know how the process worked and abbey throw a monkey wrench here and there.I chose to run for San Diego City Council. My campaign budget was $1,000. 00. My wife and four of my friends became my campaign staff. It took 11 days walking in the district collecting 2000 signatures necessary to run on the ballot without paying a fee. We attended every 1 OFF for all of the offices that were up for election. There was a lot to learn about San Diego politics. It appeared as if all of the candidates were either owned by a special interest, or were powerless and ineffectual. It was apparent at the first candidate's arum who was going to win the election.Todd Gloria was next in line for the office. He was on Congresswoman Davis' staff. He was the darling of the unions, LEGIT, and the tourism industries. He had 26 endorsements one year prior to the race. Man, was he connected! Money was no object in making Mr†¦ Gloria a city councilman. This fact shaped my strategy. I chose to use my candidacy as a pulpit to be completely honest and bring issues up that I thought needed to be addressed. Some of the positions that I took during the election was placing grid tie solar electric systems on every city owned building.San Diego Gas & Electric was not happy about that. That did not matter, they endorsed Todd Gloria. I received a standing ovation at Earth Day in Balboa Park for advocating the legalization of marijuana for recreational purposes. This reaction caused Todd Gloria to restate his position from zero tolerance to allowing medical marijuana legalization. Our major campaign issue was the San Diego Wastewater Treatment Plant in Point Loam. This wastewater treatment plant is not currently up to code in the National Pollution Disch arge Permitting Elimination System.In 2008, most people did not see the coming secession and were making money by overdeveloping every market and resource in San Diego. My campaign staff was working for ideas back then that are popular now. We did not win the election. We received 7. 8% of the vote. We felt like we made a big difference. I have used this experience to mentor and coach every person who is serious about making a change in their political leadership. Being perceived as arrogant is not a bad thing. You don't have to win an election to be a winner. Ideas are contagious. You do make a difference, sometimes a small one I grant you, but you do make a difference.

Definition and Examples of Buzzwords in English

Definition and Examples of Buzzwords in English Buzzword is an informal term for a fashionable word or phrase thats often used more to impress or persuade than to inform. Also called a  buzz term, buzz phrase, vogue word, and fashion word. The second edition of Random House Websters Unabridged Dictionary  defines buzzword as a word or phrase, often sounding authoritative or technical, that is a vogue term in a particular profession, field of study, popular culture, etc. In  Communication at a Distance,  Kaufer and Carley nicely observe that buzzwords come under attack with the recognition that a person may be trying to pass off for substance or meat the hum of a buzzwords remote implications. Examples and Observations For months the [Federal Reserve] used the word ‘patience’ to describe its stance toward a rate hike. Having lost ‘patience’ in March, the new buzzword is ‘flexible.’ As used by the Fed, the terms are essentially synonymous. But get used to hearing ‘flexible.’ It’s going to be around for a while.(Dunstan Prial, Flexibility New Fed Buzzword. Fox News, May 14, 2015)Iterate- Weve long lamented the rise of trendy language in advertising and business, but while we’ve played buzzword bingo and occasionally pointed fingers at those who speak in clichà ©s, something more serious lies beneath the jargon.The catchphrases we use serve as a shared language- they’re how we signal our belonging to the tribe of marketers. But when highly precise terms are misappropriated in an attempt to project a false sense of authority, that’s when we lose meaning. . . .Iterate. Once iterate meant a design process where various eleme nts would progress through sequential steps, to hone in on the optimal solution; now it means nothing beyond merely describing a stage in a process.(Tom Goodwin, 8 Media Buzzwords That Weve Lost Forever. Adweek, 2014)The dictionary tells us that iterate means to do again and again. In its buzzword guise, it is one of many design terms that has jumped the rhetorical fence, pulled along by related terms like innovate, into philanthropy. Sexier than your grandmother’s pilot program, iterations mean trying something small, learning from it, and improving as you go along.(Lucy Bernholz, Buzzwords to Watch in 2015. The Chronicle of Philanthropy, December 8, 2014) Sound ScienceNo one . . . is sure what sound science means.The phrase has more to do with anti-regulatory lobbying than with laboratory results, said Donald Kennedy, the former head of the Food  and Drug Administration and now the editor in chief of the influential magazine Science.Sound science is whatever somebody likes, Kennedy said. Its essentially a politically useful term, but it doesnt have any normative meaning whatsoever. My science is sound science, and the science of my enemies is junk science.The phrase has been on a roll since 1992, when lobbyists for the tobacco industry argued that no sound science showed that secondhand smoke is a health hazard.(Iris Kuo, Sound Science Isnt Just a Catch Phrase- Its a Real Persuasive Technique. Knight Ridder Newspapers, May 3, 2006)Reform[T]oo often, the word reform is co-opted to add a veneer of credibility to lazy thinking and bad ideas. Reform must be more than a password politicians whisper in search of approval. Or a buzzword ta cked on to a poorly crafted policy. True reform isn’t a test of rhetoric, or salesmanship, or spin.(Bill Shorten, Reform Should Be More Than a Buzzword. The Australian, November 7, 2015) Leverage and DeleverageLeverage is a word heard frequently during the current financial crisis. It means borrowing heavily to maximize investment returns. The problem is that leverage was used to invest in mortgages that went bad. The new buzzword in the financial world is deleverage.(Chris Arnold, Financial Sectors New Buzzword Is Deleverage, Morning Edition, NPR, Sep. 19, 2008)Personalized LearningLets do a fact check. Personalized learning is a  buzzword  for software programs that act like automatic tutors: giving feedback, allowing students to go at their own pace and recommending lessons based on a students previous work.(Anya Kamenetz, Mark Zuckerberg Is Betting Tech Can Address Educational Equity. Is It That Simple? NPR, December 5, 2015) Buzzwords in Business Writing The Fortune 500 communications professionals surveyed for this stylebook are split down the middle when it comes to the use of buzzwords in business writing. Approximately half disdain buzzwords of any kind while the other half think some buzzwords are effective (for instance, bottom line, globalize, incentivize, leverage, paradigm shift, proactive, robust, synergy and value-added). As a general rule, use buzzwords judiciously, always keeping the readers in mind. If a buzzword is lively and capable of injecting some spunk into a dull sentence (and it does not alienate the readers), then use it.(Helen Cunningham and Brenda Greene, The Business Style Handbook. McGraw-Hill, 2002)Im  no fan of buzzwords. I dislike them so much I created my own buzzword to describe the fight against overused workplace gibberish: dynamic jargon disruption.  Its a phrase Im hoping will catch on, but even a nationally renowned dynamic jargon disrupter like myself will admit that some buzzwords have their place. One of those is engagement.You hear it a lot these days, and with good reason. Engagement, which is essentially how much you dig your job, has been shown quantitatively and qualitatively to have a direct impact on productivity.Its a simple concept, really. If you like your job and care about your job and feel invested in the work youre doing, youll work harder and the company will retain quality workers.(Rex Huppke, Engagement Is a Buzzword Worth Making Noise About. Chicago Tribune, April 17, 2015) Of all the buzzwords to evolve in management science, change may be the most venerable of all.  A buzzword is  assumed to represent such a good thing that its use and form are unexamined.(Jonathan I. Klein, Corporation Failure by Design. Greenwood, 2000)GranularityTheres that word again: granularity.Its a mouthful of a term used by guys like Army Lt. Gen. David H. Petraeus, the top U.S. commander in Iraq; retired Gen. Barry McCaffrey; and White House press secretary Tony Snow. . . .Lately, people have been invoking the word to mean specificity. Certain things, such as the administrations vision for the future of Iraq, lack granularity. Newlyweds dreams, psychic-network predictions, and late-night kitchen-table get-rich-quick schemes also suffer from granularity deprivation. . . .Granularity is a hot word, says Mike Agnes, editor in chief of Websters New World dictionaries, in Cleveland. It gives people a word they can use for a new way of looking at thingswhether it be engineerin g, business, politicsand a new way of evaluating.It means depth of detail, he says. If you were a photographer or an astronomer, speaking of an image, you would use the term resolution.All of a sudden, Agnes says, granularity is a buzzword.(Linton Weeks, Granularity: The Nitty-Gritty About This Particulate of Speech. The Washington Post, Feb. 7, 2007) Buzzword Bingo in the U.K.Office jargon has become so prevalent in the UK, people are using phrases and happily admitting they have no idea what they are talking about. A new survey by Office Angles found 65% of those who attend daily meetings frequently encountered business jargon.It has even spurned a new boardroom pastimebuzzword bingo, in which employees gleefully tick off corporate-speak used by their bosses.(Buzzword Bingo: Coining the Lingo, BBC News, Feb. 15, 2000)The Coming and Going of BuzzwordsEvery decade seems to have its particular buzz words that roar through the culture and become mantras in media, business, and political lexicons, then disappear after a few years like Boy George. Topping the business charts in 1970s was the very buzzy Management by ObjectiveMBO. CEOs and Governors twitched with excitement over it. And remember synergism, in the 1980s? It sounded vaguely sexual. America was going through one of its frequent merger cycles and synergy was the yellow bri ck road. That is until vertical integration came along.(Tom Alderman, The Best Buzzwords of the Year. The Huffington Post, September 25, 2008) The Lighter Side of Buzzwords (Simpsons Style)Executive:  We at the network want a dog with attitude. Hes  edgy, hes  in your face. Youve heard the expression lets get busy? Well, this is a dog who gets  biz-zay! Consistently and thoroughly.Krusty the Clown:  So hes  proactive, huh?Executive:  Oh, God, yes. Were talking about a totally outrageous  paradigm.Meyers:  Excuse me, but  proactive  and  paradigm? Arent these just  buzzwords  that dumb people use to sound important? Not that Im accusing you of anything like that. Im fired, arent I?Executive:  Oh, yes.(The Itchy Scratchy Poochie Show.  The Simpsons, 1997)

Describe A Life Changing Event †English Essay

Describe A Life Changing Event – English Essay Free Online Research Papers Describe A Life Changing Event English Essay Many people have significant events that occur in their lives that provide a definite distinction between before and after: before the event, and after the event (respectively, B.E. and A.E.). If it merely changed the way they did something, perceived something, or felt for something (or someone), or if it changed their entire lives, there’s always the notion of the before and after. For me, it was my writing†¦the before and after of my so-far career as a writer. The event I am thinking of wasn’t really one event; it was an experience, spanning the course of a school year, the end of my sophomore and beginning of my junior years in college. More defined than that, it was a class. Well, two classes, but with one professor, and the second was merely a continuation of the first from the prior semester. The class was Literature and Law, although it should have been called ‘Literature and Law and Tons of Writing’. It involved reading pieces of literature that in some way involved the legal/justice system. Three papers were due during the course of the semester, the topic for each being chosen by the student from a pool of options concerning several different pieces of work. Upon entering this class, I was fairly confident with my abilities as a writer. Comments from previous professors had encouraged this level of confidence, and my process leading up to and the eventual act of writing was relatively solidified to a particular pattern: construct an outline, plug in different ideas, write a hand-written rough draft and then finally sit down at the computer to begin typing. Yet it goes farther back than that†¦third grade graduation, awards given out to each student, some of them random and an obvious stretch to find some award for those students who really had nothing awardable. â€Å"And for Gerry, the awards for best recess etiquette†¦Ã¢â‚¬  my teacher proclaimed. And then my name was announced. â€Å"For Stephanie Thomas, the awards for best creative writer†, she said with unmistaken enthusiasm. Even at the tender age of nine, I felt like I deserved it, that I was being rewarded for a skill I truly felt as though I possessed. This routine seemed to work for me and my sometimes anal quirks about my schoolwork. I carried this routine with me for my first chunk of college, and it got me through with flying colors. It was a good routine. No one likes change, or so the saying goes. But change I would the day I first walked in to David Larry’s class. I would change not only how I wrote, but also how I viewed the practice of putting words down on a page, and the power they can unexpectedly carry. He was one of the best to learn this skill from†¦he wasn’t really considered a â€Å"writer†. In addition to teaching a few classes, he is also the Assistant Attorney for Appalachian. He has amazing stories to tell of his years as an attorney in D.C., and also the many adventures of being engrossed in the political and social mayhem of the sixties. He even once ran for sheriff out in Oregon. He didn’t win, but managed to organize one of the largest protest rallies in Oregonian history. All in all, he’s an interesting person who never let class or the subjects discussed to become dull, and never lost the captivation of his students. My first paper in his class was created using this comfortable and familiar process. Looking back, I can’t even remember what it was about, maybe ‘Puddin’head Wilson’ by Mark Twain. Handing it in I had a slightly smug feeling, assuming he would be surprisingly impressed by the natural writing abilities of an as-of-yet minimally trained and novice writer. The fact of the matter was, I had written a fine paper, but the importance of the knowledge taken from the experience wasn’t as cut-and-dry as being a good or bad writer. It was how to take a good piece and make it even better. How to trim out the excess, re-piece the loose ends, and create a beautiful little tight package of a paper: concise, to the point, yet an interesting read that conveyed the purpose and motivation of the writer. Sitting in class the day papers were returned, I was turned around in my seat chatting with one of my friends. â€Å"Ugh, my paper sucked. It was, like, two pages and that was stretching it† they admitted to me, with a tone that seemed to me as if â€Å"oh well†. This was a far cry from my attitude about writing, especially when it was for a grade. The distribution began, calling out each name, waiting for the hand to go up, and then delivering the paper to its owner. I received my own, and immediately flipped to the back page, the part with the summary evaluation of the entire paper. â€Å"A bit wordy; you can rewrite some parts to be clearer with fewer words used† was the gist of it. Through the paper, in the margins, was the abbreviation â€Å"awk†. Awkward, confusing, unclear. At the time, this flashed to me â€Å"Not good!†, or â€Å"I’ve seen much better†. This wasn’t an easy pill to swallow. It was a learning experience in how to take criticism, realize it is constructive, and go from there. This is an important lesson for any writer to learn, especially those who have been on somewhat of a high horse with regards to their writing abilities, much like I was. The lesson learned in this experience was one taken with me during the next few years, leading up to my internship. My internship involved a good deal of newspaper writing, where making your point and making it fast is the central idea. By now, I had improved my writing style enough that writing a sentence without fillers and fluff came as second nature. When a sentence did come out a bit too wordy, I immediately recognized it and pulled out my writing scissors.I will always appreciate the lesson taught to me by David Larry, even though it was one he probably didn’t realize he was teaching. Although the names of characters and their tangles with legal matters have long since faded from my memory, the gift of being a better writer will long remain. 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HRM Practice and Employee Attitudes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

HRM Practice and Employee Attitudes - Assignment Example The content of the article is largely associated with how well an organization can generate Human resource management strategies. The abstract of the article has an inclusion of queries that require a lot of research and analysis on how well human resources are handled in an organization. The authors use sources from other authors that have similar findings and analysis results. Additionally, to these sources, the authors have generated their own way of coming up with own research and analysis structure. The information in this article is however based on how well a selected number of organizations related to their human resources. The author used three ways of research methodologies and collection of data. According to Fiona & Alan (2005), HRM practices are analyzed in three ways: employee report on the strengths of the used practice, employee reports and additive measures of numbers of HRM practice. Additionally, the authors measured employee attitudes depending on their commitment to their organization and their organization’s equality scales. The article operates under a thesis statement that is based on determining the relationship between HRM practice and employee work-related attitudes and evaluate whether different strategies in the measurement of HRM shows different results. According to Fiona & Alan (2005) regardless of the evaluation strategies, the results from an HRM practice are the same. They support this argument by the application by citing different evaluation processes used by different human resource experts. The authors further support their argument by comparing different results from different evaluation strategies. For instance, the author evaluated employee reports on an HRM practice and the fairness of the practice in the specific organization.